Smoke extraction – University Hospital
Smoke extraction study in a University Hospital
The EOLIOS team offered its expertise in smoke extraction engineering to improve the design of the Pontoise University Hospital in the face of fires.
Smoke extraction - University Hospital
Year
2022
Customer
Pontoise University Hospital
Location
France
Typology
Hospital - Smoke Extraction Engineering
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Description of the smoke extraction simulation mission
Smoke extraction engineering for the palliative care unit:
Smoke control engineering is closely linked to safety objectives . It is essential to maintain conditions suitable for the evacuation of occupants for a sufficient duration and then to ensure conditions that facilitate fire department intervention . Smoke control engineering is highly complex; the deadly nature of smoke and the presence of the public in buildings necessitate very strict smoke control standards .
For this project, the EOLIOS team provided its expertise in smoke control engineering to improve the fire safety design of the Pontoise University Hospital . In this palliative care unit, patients cannot move to escape smoke . The study aimed to predict the impact of different door control systems on smoke and temperature spread following multiple fire scenarios.
Why conduct smoke control studies in hospitals?
THE Andstudies of ofsenfumage shave effectueis dyears THE hohpitto afin of garantir there security of the patients And of staff. Sheis permandent of ofender THE meilleures methodes And solutions of ofsenfumage For assurer a evacuation rapide And in tout security of the fumeis And of the gaz productits by THE incendies Who Forraient se productire dyears A hohpital. Sheis permandent egalment d‘identifier THE laughthat And THE sources of hazard potentialithem And of ofvelopper of the solutions of security For THE prefriir. THE Andstudies of ofsenfumage shave egalment tres importantis For s‘assurer that THE systemy of ofsenfumage shave fonactionnels And peuwind eto be put in oUVD rapidment And effectiveacement in case d‘urgence.
Creation of a digital twin for the smoke extraction study
For this study, an entire floor of the Pontoise University Hospital was recreated using 3D software. All ventilation systems and HVAC systems necessary for smoke extraction were included in the model. Depending on the scenarios studied, room doors remained open or closed, and fire doors were activated or not. The more precise the digital twin created, the closer the results will be to reality . The mesh used contains approximately 10 million elements and is refined in areas of high gradient.
CFD modeling of the different fires
Currently, it is impossible to simulate the ignition and burning of fires using software. Therefore, this makes it an input parameter for the models . Several fires representing various potential sources of fire risk were modeled for this study: a mattress fire that could occur in a bedroom, a regulatory fire in a public building (ERP) replicating an ignition in a storage room, and an electrical cabinet fire located in a corridor.
Main results obtained
Firstly, fire detection is relatively fast, on the order of 20 seconds, which is in line with expectations.
Next, in the smoke control study , the impact of the presence of fire doors is clearly visible. The CFD simulation results show three distinct smoke distribution patterns . The initial phases remain relatively similar in all three cases. However, the comparison between the proposed building and the existing building…
This highlights the usefulness of fire doors . Indeed, smoke is much better controlled and contained with fire doors. Moreover, this installation protects certain areas from smoke infiltration . Furthermore, the correlation between smoke distribution and temperature is significant; fire doors maintain a larger area at ambient temperature . Therefore, in the event of a fire, we strongly recommend the installation of fire-resistant systems.
Video summary of a hospital smoke extraction study
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