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Simulation of the aeraulics of swimming pools

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How does the aerodynamics of a pool work?

Atypical constructions with complex atmospheres

The infrastructures of the swimming pool type are constructions with very large spaces giving rise to complex aeraulic phenomena. In large enclosed spaces, issues related to indoor air quality, thermal comfort of occupants and energy efficiency are a major concern. Indeed, given the important frequentation of these places where the respiratory flows are more important for the reason of the practiced physical activity, these stakes are particularly important in the case of the sports installations like the indoor swimming pools.

However, it is difficult to control air quality and thermal comfort in such high humidity environments, especially for indoor pools which present a rather particular and complex environment due to the very specific aeraulic characteristics of the environment.

Etude des effets de soufflage de l'air chaud sur une vitre - caméra thermique
Thermal camera audit of swimming pools

Air at the heart of condensation problems in swimming pools

The maintenance of hygrometric conditions is also an issue of durability of materials and structure over time. The internal hygrometric disorders which can involve zones of condensation and be reflected in the long term by migration of vapor in the walls.

In order to meet these requirements related to air quality, thermal comfort, energy efficiency and humidity control, it is important to understand the mechanisms which shape the structure of the airflow and to master the different physical phenomena that are at the origin of heat transfer and body of water taking place inside the pool.

Numerical study of the risks of condensation occurrence

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Modélisation thermographie numérique d'une piscine
Study of the risks of surface condensation in a swimming pool

How to improve air quality and effectively treat trichloramine in swimming pools?

What is trichloramine?

The evolution of the level of nitrogen trichloride, also known as trichloramine, is largely related to the evolution of air flows. Trichloramine is a chemical compound that forms when chemicals used to treat water, primarily chlorine, are used, reacting with urine, sweating and other organic waste produced by bathers.

Trichloramine can cause eye and respiratory irritation, as well as headaches and other allergy symptoms. It is important to control the levels of trichloramine in a pool by using appropriate chemicals and by regularly changing the air to remove the harmful gases.

How to treat the level of trichloramine in a pool?

Effective ventilation can help reduce trichloramine levels by renewing the air and removing potentially harmful gases. It is essential to regulate the level of trichloramine in the air in order to maintain the comfort conditions of the users and the personnel.

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Why the use of CFD allows to answer the problems of trichloramine?

CFD simulation allows to efficiently characterize the distribution of trichloramine in space. The quality of the calculation results depends on the input data and in particular on the quality of the physicochemical emission laws. In reality, the emission law is dynamic and can depend on the ambient temperature and hygrometry. Different levels of modeling complexity are thus possible, the first level being to use constant laws to integrate the diffusion of pollutant. It is then possible to compare different ventilation systems and identify the areas impacted by over-concentration of trichloramine.

Why is the use of CFD simulation necessary to validate the design of swimming pools?

Control airflow in large spaces: stable temperatures, prevention of condensation and elimination of harmful substances.

The issue of the control of the aeraulics within large spaces such as swimming pools are a necessity in order to guarantee a maintenance of the temperatures, to reduce the risks of condensation which can involve a disintegration of the materials as well as the evacuation of trichloramine which can be harmful. However, the aeraulics of large spaces is very complex to understand and errors or misjudgment of a design parameter are relatively common.

Optimizing the aeraulics of large spaces with CFD: a precise, cost-effective approach to designing and controlling fluid flows.

EOLIOS, a CFD design office specialized in the aeraulics of large spaces, proposes an approach capable of meeting these demands through the use of CFD codes (Computational Fluid Dynamics) which involve a numerical solution of the equations governing the physics of the flow. CFD is a sophisticated analysis technique, it allows to study not only the behavior of fluid flow, but alsoheat and water mass transfer. CFD analysis allows for design optimization, reducing the need for costly and time-consuming physical testing.

CFD simulation of a swimming pool - Study of aeraulics and condensation risks

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